Product Name: Evodiamine
CAS Number: 518-17-2
Molecular Formula: C₁₉H₁₇N₃O
Molecular Weight: 303.36
Appearance: Light yellow powder
Purity: ≥98%
Storage: Powder form should be stored at -20°C for 3 years. If dissolved in a solvent, it should be stored at -80°C for 1 year.
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO (≥37 mg/mL at 121.97 mM) .
Biological Activity and Mechanism of Action
Evodiamine is a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from the fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa (Bian et al., 2017; Liu, Y. et al., 2019; Wang, S. et al., 2016) . It is a quinolone alkaloid with a tetracyclic structure containing both indole and quinazoline ring systems, contributing to its diverse pharmacological activities . The compound has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity properties .
Anti-Cancer Effects
Evodiamine exhibits significant anti-cancer activity by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in various cancer cell lines. For example, it has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of human prostate cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC3) by blocking the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis . In human colon cancer cells (SW480), Evodiamine suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis through the activation of caspase-3 and Bax, while downregulating Bcl-2 expression . Additionally, it enhances autophagy by upregulating LC3 II and Beclin 1 expression .
Evodiamine also suppresses the migration and invasion of cancer cells, making it a promising candidate for the development of systemic cancer therapies . In human follicular thyroid cancer cells (WRO), Evodiamine induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis through intrinsic caspase-dependent pathways .
Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Evodiamine demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in murine macrophage-like cell lines (RAW 264.7). It suppresses the IFN-γ/LPS-stimulated NO production in a concentration-dependent manner . This effect is mediated through the inhibition of iNOS protein synthesis and the disruption of signaling pathways involved in inflammation.
Other Biological Activities
In addition to its anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, Evodiamine has been shown to stimulate testosterone and catecholamine secretion, exhibit antinociceptive, vasodilatory, thermoregulatory, and uterotonic properties . It also acts as a capsaicin-like agonist of the vanilloid (TRPV1) receptor, contributing to its anti-obesity effects .
Applications and Research Potential
Evodiamine is a valuable compound for pharmaceutical and biotechnological research due to its broad range of biological activities. It can be used as a lead molecule for the development of new drugs targeting cancer, inflammation, and metabolic disorders. Additionally, it can serve as an intermediate in the synthesis of complex pharmaceuticals, providing more options for drug development .
Safety and Handling
Evodiamine is classified as a chemical for industrial use only and is not intended for human consumption. It is recommended to handle the compound with appropriate safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment and proper ventilation in laboratory settings .
Conclusion
Evodiamine is a multifunctional alkaloid with potent anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity properties. Its ability to induce apoptosis, inhibit cell proliferation, and modulate signaling pathways makes it a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic agents. As a natural product derived from Evodia rutaecarpa, Evodiamine represents a valuable resource for both pharmaceutical and biomedical research.
