Covid-19, kapena ina yotchedwa 2019-nCoV kapena SARS-CoV-2 virus, ndi ya banja la Coronavirus. Popeza SARS-CoV-2 ndi ya genus Coronavirus imagwirizana kwambiri ndi MERS-CoV ndi SARS-CoV - zomwe akuti zimayambitsanso chibayo m'matenda am'mbuyomu. Mapangidwe amtundu wa 2019-nCoV adadziwika ndikufalitsidwa. [I] [ii] Mapuloteni akulu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi omwe amadziwika kale mu SARS-CoV kapena MERS-CoV amawonetsa kufanana kwakukulu pakati pawo.
Kupezeka kwatsopano kwa kachilombo kameneka kumatanthauza kuti pali zosatsimikizika zambiri zokhudzana ndi mchitidwewu, chifukwa chake ndikofulumira kwambiri kudziwa ngati zitsamba kapena mankhwala azitsamba angathandizire anthu kukhala othandizira kapena ngati mankhwala oyenera amankhwala a anti-coronavirus motsutsana ndi Covid -19. Komabe, chifukwa cha kufanana kwakukulu kwa Covid-19 ndi ma virus omwe adanenedwa kale a SARS-CoV ndi MERS-CoV, kafukufuku yemwe adasindikizidwa m'mbuyomu wazama mankhwala azitsamba, omwe atsimikiziridwa kuti ali ndi zotsatira za anti-coronavirus, atha kukhala chitsogozo chofunikira chopeza anti-coronavirus Zitsamba, zomwe zitha kugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2.
Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa SARS-CoV, yoyamba kufotokozedwa koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2003 [iii], asayansi akhala akuyesera mwamphamvu kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala angapo a ma anti-virus motsutsana ndi SARS-CoV. Izi zidapangitsa gulu la akatswiri ku China kuti liwunikire zowonjezera zoposa 200 zaku China zamankhwala azitsamba pazinthu zothana ndi ma virus polimbana ndi vutoli.
Zina mwazinthuzi, zowonjezera zinayi zikuwonetsa zoletsa zolimbitsa thupi motsutsana ndi SARS-CoV - Lycoris radiata (Red Spider Lily), Pyrrosia lingua (fern), Artemisia annua (Chowawa chowawa) ndi Lindera aggregate (wonunkhira wobiriwira nthawi zonse shrub membala wa banja laurel ). Zotsatira zothanirana ndi ma virus za izi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndipo zimachokera pakutsika pang'ono kwa chotsikacho mpaka kumtunda, kusiyanasiyana ndi mankhwala azitsamba. Makamaka Lycoris radiata adawonetsa mphamvu yolimbana ndi ma virus yolimbana ndi ma virus. [Iv]
Chotsatirachi chinali chogwirizana ndi cha magulu ena awiri ofufuza, omwe amati chigawo chogwira ntchito chomwe chili mumizu ya Licorice, Glycyrrhizin, chatsimikizika kuti chili ndi ntchito yotsutsana ndi SARS-CoV poletsa kuyiphatikizanso. [V] [vi] M'modzi Kafukufuku, Glycyrrhizin adawonetseranso ma antiviral atayesedwa ma vitro antiviral zotsatira zake pazachipatala 10 za SARS coronavirus. Baicalin - omwe amapezeka pachomera chotchedwa Scuttelaria baicalensis (Skullcap) - adayesedwanso mu kafukufukuyu mikhalidwe yomweyo ndipo adawonetsanso njira yothana ndi ma virus motsutsana ndi SARS coronavirus. [Vii] Baicalin awonetsedwanso kuti aletsa kubwereza kachilombo ka HIV -1 virus mu vitro m'maphunziro am'mbuyomu. [Viii] [ix] Komabe ziyenera kudziwika kuti zomwe zimapezeka mu vitro sizingafanane ndi mphamvu ya vivo. Izi ndichifukwa choti mulingo wamlomo wothandizilawa mwa anthu sungakwanitse kupeza magazi a seramu ofanana ndi omwe adayesedwa mu vitro.
Lycorine yawonetsanso mphamvu yothana ndi ma virus motsutsana ndi SARS-CoV.3 Malipoti angapo apitawa akusonyeza kuti Lycorine ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi zochita zambiri zothanirana ndi ma virus ndipo akuti akuti awonetsa zoletsa pa kachilombo ka Herpes Simplex (mtundu I) [x] ndi Poliomyelitis kachilombo nawonso. [xi]
"Zitsamba zina zomwe zanenedwa kuti zasonyeza ma antiviririyoni motsutsana ndi SARS-CoV ndi Lonicera japonica (Japan Honeysuckle) ndi chomera chodziwika bwino cha Eucalyptus, ndi Panax ginseng (muzu) kudzera mu gawo lake la Ginsenoside-Rb1." [Xii]
Umboni kuchokera m'maphunziro omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa komanso maphunziro ena angapo apadziko lonse lapansi akuti mankhwala azitsamba ambiri awonetsa zochitika za ma antivirals motsutsana ndi ma coronaviruses [xiii] [xiv] ndipo njira yawo yayikulu ikuwoneka kuti ikuchitika chifukwa choletsa kubwereza ma virus. [Xv] China wagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zitsamba zachikhalidwe zaku China zochizira SARS moyenerera nthawi zambiri. [xvi] Komabe palibe umboni wowonekeratu pakadali pano pazachipatala cha odwala a Covid-19.
Kodi zitsamba zoterezi zitha kukhala zofunikira pakupanga mankhwala atsopano opewera ma virus popewa kapena kuchiza SARS?
KUSINTHA: Nkhaniyi idalembedwa kuti izidziwitse okha ndipo sikuti idangolowa m'malo mwaupangiri wa zamankhwala, matenda kapena chithandizo chamankhwala. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi za Covid-19 kapena matenda ena aliwonse, itanani dokotala wanu mwachangu.
[i] Zhou, P., Yang, X., Wang, X. et al., 2020. Kuphulika kwa chibayo komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi coronavirus yatsopano yochokera pachiwombankhanga. Chilengedwe 579, 270-273 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7
[ii] Andersen, KG, Rambaut, A., Lipkin, WI, Holmes, EC ndi Garry, RF, 2020. Chiyambi choyambira cha SARS-CoV-2. Mankhwala Achilengedwe, mas. 1-3.
[iii] Nthawi yoyankhira pa CDC SARS. Ipezeka pa https://www.cdc.gov/about/history/sars/timeline.htm. Kupezeka
[iv] Li, SY, Chen, C., Zhang, HQ, Guo, HY, Wang, H., Wang, L., Zhang, X., Hua, SN, Yu, J., Xiao, PG ndi Li, RS, 2005. Kudziwika kwa mankhwala achilengedwe okhala ndi ma antiviral motsutsana ndi SARS yokhudzana ndi coronavirus. Kafukufuku wa ma virus, 67 (1), pp. 18-23.
[v] Cinatl, J., Morgenstem, B. ndi Bauer, G., 2003. Glycyrrhizin, gawo logwira ntchito la mizu ya licorice ndikubwereza kwa coronovirus yokhudzana ndi SARS. Lancet, 361 (9374), masamba 2045-2046.
[vi] Hoever, G., Baltina, L., Michaelis, M., Kondratenko, R., Baltina, L., Tolstikov, GA, Doerr, HW ndi Cinatl, J., 2005. Antiviral Activity of Glycyrrhizic Acid Derivatives motsutsana SARS− Coronavirus. Zolemba zamankhwala azachipatala, 48 (4), pp. 1256-1259.
[vii] Chen, F., Chan, KH, Jiang, Y., Kao, RYT, Lu, HT, Fan, KW, Cheng, VCC, Tsui, WHW, Hung, IFN, Lee, TSW ndi Guan, Y., 2004. In vitro chiwopsezo cha matenda opatsirana a 10 a SARS coronavirus pamankhwala osankhidwa a ma virus. Zolemba za Clinical Virology, 31 (1), pp. 69-75.
[viii] Kitamura, K., Honda, M., Yoshizaki, H., Yamamoto, S., Nakane, H., Fukushima, M., Ono, K. ndi Tokunaga, T., 1998. Baicalin, choletsa Kupanga kwa HIV-1 mu vitro. Kafukufuku wa ma virus, 37 (2), pp. 131-140.
[ix] Li, BQ, Fu, T., Dongyan, Y., Mikovits, JA, Ruscetti, FW ndi Wang, JM, 2000. Flavonoid baicalin imaletsa kachilombo ka HIV-1 pamlingo wolowera ma virus. Kafukufuku wamankhwala amtundu wamankhwala amtundu wamankhwala osokoneza bongo, 276 (2), pp. 534-538.
[x] Renard-Nozaki, J., Kim, T., Imakura, Y., Kihara, M. ndi Kobayashi, S., 1989. Mphamvu ya ma alkaloid omwe amakhala kutali ndi Amaryllidaceae pa kachilombo ka herpes simplex. Kafukufuku mu virology, 140, pp. 115-128.
[xi] Ieven, M., Vlietinick, AJ, Berghe, DV, Totte, J., Dommisse, R., Esmans, E. ndi Alderweireldt, F., 1982. Bzalani maantibayotiki. III. Kutsekedwa kwa ma alkaloid kuchokera ku Clivia miniata Regel (Amaryl-lidaceae). Zolemba Zachilengedwe, 45 (5), pp. 564-573.
[xii] Wu, CY, Jan, JT, Ma, SH, Kuo, CJ, Juan, HF, Cheng, YSE, Hsu, HH, Huang, HC, Wu, D., Brik, A. ndi Liang, FS, 2004 Mamolekyu ang'onoang'ono omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kupuma kwamatenda amtundu wa coronavirus wamunthu. Kukula kwa National Academy of Science, 101 (27), pp. 10012-10017.
[xiii] Wen, CC, Kuo, YH, Jan, JT, Liang, PH, Wang, SY, Liu, HG, Lee, CK, Chang, ST, Kuo, CJ, Lee, SS ndi Hou, CC, 2007. chomera terpenoids ndi lignoids zimakhala ndi zinthu zowononga mphamvu zowononga matenda opatsirana kwambiri a coronavirus. Zolemba zamankhwala azachipatala, 50 (17), pp. 4087-4095.
[xiv] McCutcheon, AR, Roberts, TE, Gibbons, E., Ellis, SM, Babiuk, LA, Hancock, REW ndi Towers, GHN, 1995. Zolemba za Ethnopharmacology, 49 (2), pp. 110-110.
[xv] Jassim, SAA ndi Naji, MA, 2003. Ma Novel antiviral agents: mawonekedwe azomera zamankhwala. Zolemba za microbiology yogwiritsidwa ntchito, 95 (3), pp. 412-427.
[xvi] Luo, H., Tang, QL, Shang, YX, Liang, SB, Yang, M., Robinson, N. ndi Liu, JP, 2020. Kodi mankhwala achi China angagwiritsidwe ntchito popewa matenda a corona virus 2019 (COVID -19)? Kuwunika zakale zam'mbuyomu, umboni wofufuza ndi mapulogalamu apano opewera. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, tsamba 1-8.
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Post nthawi: Apr-18-2020