Caafimaadkeena waxaa saameeya arrimo badan.Dadka wax iibsanaya waxa laga yaabaa inaanay isla markiiba la xidhiidhin caafimaadka garashada iyo fayoobidooda guud, laakiin garashada, jidhka iyo xataa caafimaadka shucuureed ayaa aad isugu xidhan.Tan waxaa lagu muujiyey habka ay nafaqo-darrada kala duwan ay u keeni karto hoos u dhac ku yimaada shaqada garashada (tusaale, B12 iyo magnesium).
Waxa kale oo muuqata marka aynu gabowno.Mar kasta oo aan sii weynaanno, nafaqooyinka yar ee jirku ka nuugi karo cuntada, ayaa laga yaabaa inay keento cillado.Way fududahay in la iska tuuro hilmaanka iyo diiradda la'aanta sida calaamadaha da'da, kuwaas oo ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay calaamad u yihiin xaaladda guud ee jirkeena taas oo ka dhalatay gabowga.Kaabista, iyada oo samaynaysa cilladaha nafaqooyinka, waxay iyaduna hagaajin kartaa shaqada garashada.Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah nafaqooyinka gaarka ah ee la xidhiidha caafimaadka garashada.
Saddex-meelood meel maskaxda waxay ka kooban tahay asiidh dufan ah oo polyunsaturated ah (PUFA), oo ka dhigan 15-30% miisaanka engegan ee maskaxda, oo leh docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oo ka kooban saddex-meelood meel midaas (1).
DHA waa omega-3 fatty acid kaas oo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara maskaxda, oo xoogga saaraya qaybaha maskaxda ee u baahan heerka ugu sarreeya ee dhaqdhaqaaqa korantada, oo ay ku jiraan synaptosomes halkaas oo dareemaha ay ku kulmaan oo ay ku wada xiriiraan midba midka kale, mitochondria, kaas oo soo saara tamar unugyada dareemayaasha, iyo kiliyaha cerebral, kaas oo ah lakabka sare ee maskaxda (2).Waxaa si fiican loo caddeeyey in DHA ay tahay qayb muhiim u ah korriinka maskaxda ee dhallaanka iyo ilmaha waxayna muhiim u tahay nolosha inta lagu jiro ilaalinta caafimaadka garashada habboon.Muhiimadda DHA markaynu da'da nahay waxay caddaynaysaa marka la eego kuwa ay saameeyeen hoos u dhaca da'da, sida cudurka Alzheimers (nooc ka mid ah waallida oo sababa xusuusta horumarka, garashada iyo hoos u dhaca dabeecadda).
Marka loo eego dib u eegis uu sameeyay Thomas et al., "Bukaannada laga helay cudurka Alzheimers, heerarka DHA si aad ah ayey hoos ugu dhaceen dhiigga iyo maskaxda.Tani kaliya maaha inay sabab u tahay qaadashada cuntada hoose ee omega-3 fatty acids, laakiin sidoo kale waxaa loo aaneyn karaa oksaydhka kordhay ee PUFAs”(3).
Bukaannada Alzheimers, hoos u dhaca garashada waxaa loo maleynayaa in ay keento borotiinka beta-amyloid, kaas oo sun u ah unugyada dareemayaasha.Marka heerarka borotiinkani uu noqdo mid xad-dhaaf ah, waxay burburiyaan qaybo badan oo unugyada maskaxda ah, iyagoo ka tagaya lakabyada amyloid ee la xidhiidha cudurka (2).
Daraasado kala duwan ayaa muujiyay in DHA ay yeelan karto saameyn neuroprotective ah iyada oo la dhimayo beta-amyloid toxicity iyo iyadoo la siinayo saameyn ka hortag ah oo hoos u dhigi karta cadaadiska oksida ee amyloid-ka iyo hoos u dhigista heerarka borotiinka oksaydhka 57% (2).Iyadoo la'aanta DHA ee dadka qaba Alzheimers ayaa laga yaabaa inay saameyn ku yeeshaan sida kabitaanku uga faa'iideysan karo iyaga, waa in la ogaadaa in kaabayaashu aysan daweyn karin tan ama cudur kasta iyo daraasado ka hadlaya mawduucaas ayaa natiijooyin isku dhafan.
Kaabisyadu maaha dawo, xaqiiqaduna waa bukaanada Alzheimers ee da'doodu weyn tahay waxay ka faa'iideysan doonaan ugu yar DHA ama nafaqeeyayaalka kale ee taageerada garashada sababtoo ah marka la ogaado, dhaawaca jireed ayaa horayba loogu sameeyay maskaxda.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi-baarayaasha qaarkood ayaa baaraya in kabidda DHA ay hoos u dhigi karto horumarka garashada hoos u dhaca.Itay Shafat Ph.D., saynisyahan sare oo ka tirsan qaybta nafaqeynta ee Enzymotec, Ltd., oo leh xafiiska Maraykanka ee Morristown, NJ, ayaa soo xigtay daraasad ay samaysay Yourko-Mauro et al.taas oo la helay, "Kabitaanka 900 mg/maalin DHA ee toddobaadyada 24, maadooyinka da'doodu tahay> 55 leh hoos u dhac garasho dhexdhexaad ah, waxay wanaajisay xirfadahooda xusuusta iyo barashada" (4).
Iyadoo qaar ka mid ah macaamiisha laga yaabo inaysan ka fekerin caafimaadka garashada ilaa ay dhibaatooyin ka soo baxaan, waxaa fure u ah dukaamada inay xasuusiyaan muhiimada DHA ee maskaxda inta ay nool yihiin.Dhab ahaantii, DHA waxay taageeri kartaa caafimaadka garashada ee dhalinyarada qaangaarka ah ee caafimaad qaba oo aan lahayn nafaqo-darro muuqata.Tijaabo la kala soocay oo dhowaan la kontaroolay oo ay samaysay Stonehouse et al., Daraasada 176 qaangaar caafimaad qaba oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 18 ilaa 45, ayaa la helay, "DHA kaabista waxay si weyn u wanaajisay wakhtiga falcelinta xusuusta episodic, halka saxnaanta xusuusta episodic lagu hagaajiyay haweenka, iyo waqtiga falcelinta Xusuusta shaqada ayaa wanaajisay ragga” (5).Horumarkan da'da yar wuxuu u tarjumi karaa jirka iyo maskaxda si ka wanaagsan loogu diyaariyey caqabadaha da'da weyn.
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) waa omega-3, oo sida caadiga ah laga helo dhirta sida chia iyo flaxseed beddelka saliidaha badda.ALA waxay horudhac u tahay DHA, laakiin beddelka tallaabooyinka badan ee ALA una beddelo DHA waa mid aan waxtar lahayn dad badan, taaso ka dhigaysa DHA cunto muhiim u ah taageerada garashada.ALA, si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay leedahay hawlo kale oo muhiim ah oo iyada u gaar ah.Herb Joiner-Bey, oo ah lataliyaha sayniska caafimaadka ee Barlean's, Ferndale, WA, ayaa sheegay in ALA sidoo kale, "loo isticmaalo unugyada maskaxda si ay u sameeyaan hormoonnada maxalliga ah, oo ay ku jiraan 'neuroprotectins,' oo muhiim u ah shaqada maskaxda."Wuxuu sheegay in neuroprotectins sidoo kale laga helay inay ku yar yihiin bukaannada Alzheimers iyo tijaabooyinka shaybaarka, ALA ayaa loo arkay inay lagama maarmaan u tahay horumarka maskaxda.
Waxyaalaha ay tahay in la tixgeliyo marka la qaadanayo kaabayaasha DHA waa qiyaasta iyo noolaha.Shakhsiyaad badan ayaan ka helin DHA ku filan cuntadooda waxayna ka faa'iidaysan doonaan qaadashada qiyaaso aad u urursan ama ka sareeya.Muhiimadda qiyaasta ayaa dhowaan lagu soo bandhigay daraasad shan sano ah oo ay samaysay Chew et al.taas oo aan helin farqi weyn oo ku saabsan shaqada garashada inta lagu jiro omega-3 kaabista maadooyinka waayeelka ah (da'da celceliska: 72) oo leh cillad maskaxeed oo la xiriirta da'da.Khubaro badan oo xagga nafaqeynta ah ayaa ka shakiyay naqshadda daraasadda.Tusaale ahaan, Jay Levy, oo ah agaasimaha iibka ee Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd., Mission Viejo, CA, ayaa yidhi, "Qaybta DHA waxay ahayd kaliya 350 mg halka falanqaynta meta-da ee dhowaan la ogaaday in qiyaasta DHA maalinlaha ah ee ka badan 580 loo baahan yahay siin faa'iidooyinka shaqada garashada" (6).
Douglas Bibus, Ph.D., xubin guddiga la-talinta sayniska ee Coromega, Vista, CA, ayaa soo xigtay maqaal ay soo saartay Ururka Caalamiga ah ee EPA iyo DHA Omega-3s (GOED) oo cinwaankeedu yahay "Omega-3s iyo Cognition: Dosage Matters."Kooxdu waxay heshay, ka dib "baaritaanka 20 cilmi-baaris ku salaysan garashada oo la sameeyay 10kii sano ee la soo dhaafay, kaliya daraasadaha bixiya 700 mg ee DHA ama ka badan maalintii ayaa sheegay natiijooyin wanaagsan" (7).
Foomamka gaarsiinta qaarkood ayaa laga yaabaa inay saliidda badda ka dhigaan kuwo la nuugi karo.Tusaale ahaan, Andrew Aussie, madaxweyne ku xigeenka fulinta iyo madaxa hawlgelinta ee Coromega, ayaa sheegay in shirkadiisu ay ku takhasustay, "omega-3 supplements emulsified oo bixiya 300% nuugista wanaagsan."Sida laga soo xigtay daraasadda Raatz et al.in Aussie soo xigtay, emulsification lipid ee caloosha waa tallaabo muhiim u ah dheefshiidka baruurta "iyada oo loo marayo jiilka interface-biyaha dufan lagama maarmaanka u ah isdhexgalka ka dhexeeya lipases biyo-milmi kara iyo lipids" (8).Haddaba, iyadoo lagu dayanayo saliidda kalluunka, habkan waa la dhaafayaa, taasoo kor u qaadaysa nuugidiisa (8).
Qodob kale oo saameeya bioavailability waa qaabka molecular ee omega-3.Chris Oswald, DC, CNS, oo xubin ka ah guddiga la-talinta ee Nordic Naturals, Watsonville, CA, ayaa aaminsan in qaabka triglyceride ee omega-3s uu waxtar badan u leeyahay kor u qaadista heerarka serum ee dhiigga marka loo eego noocyada synthetic.Marka la barbar dhigo unugyada ethyl ester-ku-xidhan ee synthetic, qaabka triglyceride ee dabiiciga ahi aad ayuu uga yar yahay u adkaysiga dheefshiidka enzymatic, taasoo ka dhigaysa ilaa 300% mid la nuugi karo (2).Sababtoo ah qaab-dhismeedka molecular ee saddex asiidh dufan ah oo ku xidhan laf dhabarta glycerol, marka saliidaha kalluunka la shiiddo, waxa ku jira dufankooda waxa loo beddelaa asiidh dufan ah oo hal-xadhig ah.Ka dib marka la nuugo unugyada epithelial, waxay dib ugu noqdaan triglycerides.Tan waxa suurtageliyay laf dhabarta glycerol ee la heli karo, kaas oo ethyl ester aanu yeelan karin (2).
Shirkadaha kale waxay aaminsan yihiin in fosfoolipid-ku xiran omega-3s ay hagaajin doonto nuugista.Cheryl Meyers, madaxa waxbarashada iyo arrimaha sayniska ee EuroPharma, Inc., Greenbay, WI, ayaa leh qaab-dhismeedkani "ma aha oo kaliya inuu u dhaqmo habka gaadiidka ee omega-3s, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu bixiyaa taageero maskaxeed oo xoog leh kaligood."Myers waxay qeexaysaa hal kabitaan oo shirkaddeeda ah oo bixisa fosfolipid-ku xiran omega-3s oo laga soo saaro madaxyada salmon (Vectomega).Kaabista ayaa sidoo kale ka kooban peptides oo ay aaminsan tahay "waxay ilaalin karaan xididdada dhiigga jilicsan ee maskaxda iyagoo la dagaallamaya dhaawaca oksaydhka."
Sababo la mid ah awgood, shirkadaha qaarkood waxay doortaan inay ku diyaariyaan saliid krill, il kale oo fosfolipid-ku xidhan omega-3s oo bixisa bioavailability wanaagsan sababtoo ah milmahooda biyaha.Lena Burri, agaasimaha qoraalka sayniska ee Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS, Oslo, Norway, ayaa bixisa sharraxaad dheeri ah oo ku saabsan sababta qaabkan DHA uu muhiim u yahay: mid "DHA Transporter (Mfsd2a, fududeeyaha weyn ee qoyska qoyska oo ka kooban 2a)… waxay ku xidhan tahay phospholipids-si ay u noqoto lysoPC" (9).
Mid ka mid ah bakhtiyaanasiibka, laba-indho la'aanta, daraasad isbarbardhigga koox-kooxeed ayaa cabbiray saamaynta saliidda krill, saliidda sardine (qaabka triglyceride) iyo placebo ee xusuusta shaqada iyo xisaabinta ee 45 ragga da'doodu ka weyn tahay 61-72 ilaa 12 toddobaad.Marka la cabbiro isbeddelada uruurinta oxyhemoglobin inta lagu jiro hawlaha, natiijooyinku waxay muujiyeen isbeddel weyn oo ku saabsan diiradda qayb gaar ah ka dib toddobaadyada 12 marka loo eego placebo, taasoo soo jeedinaysa in muddada dheer ee dheeraadka ah ee saliidda krill iyo sardine labadaba "ay kor u qaaddo shaqada xusuusta shaqada iyadoo la kicinayo kortex hore ee hore ee dorsolateral ee waayeelka. dadka, sidaas darteedna waxay ka hortagtaa xumaanta hawlaha garashada"(10).
Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka la eego hawlaha xisaabinta, saliidda krill "waxay muujisay isbeddel weyn oo weyn oo ku saabsan uruurinta oxyhemoglobin ee aagga hore ee bidix," marka la barbardhigo placebo iyo saliidda sardine, taas oo aan muujin wax saameyn ah oo firfircooni ah inta lagu jiro hawlaha xisaabinta (10).
Marka laga reebo caawinta nuugista omega-3s, fosfoolipids waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan caafimaadka garashada ee iyaga u gaar ah.Sida laga soo xigtay Burri, phospholipids waxay ka kooban yihiin 60% maskaxda miisaan ahaan, gaar ahaan tayeysan dendrites iyo synapses.Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay tiri in vitro, korriinka dareemayaasha waxay abuurtaa baahida sii kordheysa ee fosfolipids iyo korriinka korriinka dareemayaasha waxay kicisaa jiilka fosfolipid.Kaabista fosfoolipids si weyn ayaa looga faa'iidaystaa waxayna wax ku ool u tahay caawinta shaqada garashada sababtoo ah qaabdhismeedkoodu wuxuu la mid yahay kuwa ku jira xuubabka dareemayaasha.
Laba fosfoolipids caadi ah waa phosphatidylserine (PS) iyo phosphatidylcholine (PC).Shafat wuxuu sheegay in PS ay leedahay sheegashooyin caafimaad oo ay ansixisay Maamulka Cuntada iyo Dawooyinka ee Mareykanka (FDA).Sheegashooyinka waxaa ka mid ah: "Isticmaalka PS wuxuu yareyn karaa halista waallida ee dadka da'da ah," "Isticmaalka PS wuxuu yareyn karaa khatarta garasho la'aanta waayeelka," oo u qalma, "Cilmi-baaris cilmiyeed oo aad u xaddidan iyo horudhac ah ayaa soo jeedinaysa in PS ay yarayn karto khatarta waallida/yaraynta khatarta garasho la'aanta dadka waayeelka ah.FDA waxay soo gabagabaysay in ay jiraan cadaymo saynis oo yar oo taageeraya sheegashadan.
Shafat wuxuu sharxayaa in keligiis, PS "ay durba wax ku ool u tahay qiyaasta 100 mg / maalintii," qadar yar marka loo eego maaddooyinka kale ee taageerada garashada.
Ilaa hadda sida ay u shaqeyso, Chase Hagerman, oo ah agaasimaha calaamadda ChemiNutra, White Bear Lake, MN, ayaa sheegay in PS "wuxuu caawiyaa borotiinnada maamula hawlaha xuubka ee ku lug leh gudbinta farriimaha molecular ee unug ilaa unug, waxay caawiyaan nafaqooyinka galaan unugyada, waxayna caawiyaan Waxyaalaha qashinka ah ee laxidhiidha walaaca si looga baxo unugga.”
PC, dhanka kale, sida kan ka sameysan alfa-glyceryl phosphoryl choline (A-GPC), Hagerman wuxuu yiri, "wuxuu u guuraa dareemaha dareemayaasha synaptic ee laga helo dhammaan habka dhexe ee neerfayaasha, taas oo markaa kordhisa isku-dhafka iyo sii-deynta Acetylcholine (AC)," oo ah neurotransmitter muhiim ah "jooga labadaba maskaxda iyo unugyada murqaha," isagoo door muhiim ah ka ciyaara "asal ahaan hawl kasta oo garashada halka muruqa ay si aad ah ugu lug leedahay murqaha murqaha."
Walaxyo kala duwan ayaa u shaqeeya ilaa tan.Dallas Clouatre, Ph.D., La-taliyaha R&D ee Jarrow Formulas, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, wuxuu ku tilmaamay inay yihiin "qoys ballaaran oo hal substrate gaar ah," oo ay ku jiraan uridine, choline, CDP-choline (Citocoline) iyo PC sida qayb ka mid ah wareegga maskaxda oo mararka qaarkood loo yaqaan 'Kennedy Cycle'.Dhammaan walxahan waxay door ka ciyaaraan abuuritaanka PC ee maskaxda oo ay ku abuuraan AC.
Wax-soo-saarka AC-gu waa shay kale oo hoos u dhaca marka aynu da'no.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, guud ahaan, sababtoo ah neerfayaasha ma soo saari karaan choline iyaga u gaar ah oo waa inay ka helaan dhiigga, cuntooyinka choline-yari waxay abuuraan sahayda AC (2).La'aanta choline ee la heli karo waxay door ka ciyaartaa horumarinta cudurrada sida Alzheimers iyo hoos u dhaca garaadka da'da.Shaqada cilmi-baaraha Richard Wurtman, MD, oo ka socda Machadka Teknolojiyadda Massachusetts ayaa soo jeediyay in sababta oo ah choline ku filan, maskaxdu ay dhab ahaantii ka qaadi karto PC ka xuubkeeda neerfaha si ay u sameyso AC (2).
Neil E. Levin, CCN, DANLA, maareeyaha waxbarashada nafaqeynta ee NOW Foods, Bloomingdale, IL wuxuu qeexayaa qaabaynta "ka taageerta feejignaanta maskaxda iyo barashada iyada oo kor u qaadeysa wax soo saarka iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa saxda ah ee AC," isku darka A-GPC, "qaabka noolaha ee choline " oo leh Huperzine A si loo ilaaliyo heerarka AC (RememBRAIN ka Cuntooyinka hadda).Huperzine A wuxuu ilaaliyaa AC isagoo u shaqeynaya sidii xakameyn door ah oo acetylcholinesterase ah, taas oo ah enzim keena burburka AC (11).
Marka loo eego Levy, citicoline waa mid ka mid ah maaddooyinka cusub ee lagu taageerayo garashada, iyadoo la beegsanayo xuubka hore, kaas oo ah aagga mas'uulka ka ah xallinta dhibaatada, feejignaanta iyo diiradda.Waxa uu sheegay in kabidda citicoline ee dadka waaweyni ay muujisay "in ay wanaajiso xusuusta hadalka, waxqabadka xusuusta iyo garashada, dareenka dareenka, socodka dhiigga ee maskaxda iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa bioelectrical."Waxa uu soo xigtay dhowr daraasadood oo muujiyay natiijooyin wanaagsan, oo ay ku jiraan laba-indho-indho la'aan, kala-soocid, tijaabin la xakameeyey oo lagu xakameynayo 30 bukaannada Alzheimers kuwaas oo muujiyay shaqada garashada oo fiicnaatay marka la barbardhigo placebo ka dib qaadashada citicoline maalin kasta, gaar ahaan kuwa qaba waallida fudud (12).
Elyse Lovett, maareeyaha suuqgeynta ee Kyowa USA, Inc., New York, NY, ayaa sheegtay in shirkadeeda ay leedahay "qaabka kaliya ee lagu bartay citicoline ee dadka waaweyn iyo dhalinyarada caafimaadka qaba," iyo inay tahay "qaabka kaliya ee citicoline leh GRAS [guud ahaan] loo aqoonsaday inuu nabdoon yahay] xaaladda Maraykanka"(Cognizin).
Kaabis kale oo la xidhiidha, sida uu qabo Dan Lifton, oo ah madaxa Kooxda Maypro's Proprietary Branded Ingredients Group, Iibka, NY, waa INM-176 oo laga soo qaatay xididka Angelica gigas Nakai, kaas oo sidoo kale lagu muujiyay inuu taageero caafimaadka garashada iyadoo la kordhinayo heerarka maskaxda ee AC.
Fiitamiin yaraanta ayaa inta badan isu keenta hoos u dhaca shaqada garashada.Faytamiin B12 yaraanta, tusaale ahaan, waxaa ka mid noqon kara calaamado ay ka mid yihiin jahawareer, xusuus la'aan, isbeddel shakhsiyeed, miyir beel, niyad-jab iyo dabeecado kale oo u eg waallida.Ma aha oo kaliya, laakiin 15% dadka waayeelka ah iyo ilaa 40% dadka calaamadaha leh ee da'doodu ka weyn tahay 60 sano waxay leeyihiin heerar B12 hoose ama xuduud ah (13).
Sida laga soo xigtay Mohajeri et al., B12 waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa beddelka homocysteine (Hcy) ee amino acid methionine, laakiin fiitamiinada B ee kale ee folate (B9) iyo B6 ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah dheef-shiid kiimikaadka inuu dhaco, la'aanteed, Hcy ayaa urura.Hcy waa amino acid laga soo saaro jirka oo laga helo methionine-ka cuntada wuxuuna lagama maarmaan u yahay shaqada caadiga ah ee gacanta, laakiin xaddi badan oo ka mid ah ayaa wiiqaya shaqada la yiri (14)."Heerka dhiiga sare ee homocysteine ayaa lagu muujiyay inuu wax u dhimayo xusuusta iyo dhinacyo kale oo badan oo shaqada garashada," ayuu yiri Michael Mooney, agaasimaha sayniska iyo waxbarashada ee SuperNutrition, Oakland, CA.
Mohajeri iyo al.xoojisay bayaankan: "Darnaanta daciifnimada garashada ayaa lala xiriiriyay korodhka uruurinta plasma Hcy.Waxaa intaa dheer, khatarta aad u sareysa ee cudurka Alzheimers ayaa la soo sheegay markii heerarka folate iyo B12 labaduba ay hooseeyeen"(15).
Niacin waa fitamiin B kale oo taageera xusuusta iyo shaqada garashada.Sida laga soo xigtay Mooney, niacin, oo ah nooca firfircoon ee fitamiin B3, ayaa inta badan ay dhakhaatiirtu qoraan 1,000 mg ama ka badan maalintii si ay u taageeraan heerarka caadiga ah ee kolestaroolka, laakiin daraasad la xakameynayo placebo ayaa lagu ogaaday in qiyaasta nafaqada ee 425 mg maalintii ay wanaajiso xusuusta. buundooyinka tijaabi ilaa 40% iyo sidoo kale hagaajinta diiwaanka dareenka ilaa 40%.Awood sare, niacin ayaa sidoo kale lagu muujiyaa inay hagaajiso socodka dhiigga maskaxda, "taas oo kordhisa wareegga nafaqooyinka iyo ogsijiinta maskaxda," ayuu raaciyay (16).
Marka lagu daro niacin, Mooney wuxuu qeexayaa niacinamide, oo ah nooc kale oo fitamiin B3 ah.Marka la joogo 3,000 mg/maalintii, niacinamide waxaa baranaya UC Irvine sida daawaynta suurtagalka ah ee Alzheimers iyo luminta xusuusta ee la xiriirta ka dib natiijooyin wanaagsan oo daraasadda jiirka ah.Labada noocba, ayuu sharraxay, waxay u beddelaan jirka NAD +, unug la muujiyey inuu ka beddelo gabowga mitochondria, soo saaraha tamarta gacanta ee aadka muhiimka ah."Tani waxay u badan tahay inay qayb weyn ka qaadato kobcinta xusuusta fitamiin B3 iyo saamaynta kale ee gabowga," ayuu yidhi.
Kaalmo kale oo lagu taliyo macaamiisha waa PQQ.Clouatre ayaa sheegaysa in dadka qaar ay u arkaan inuu yahay fitamiinka cusub ee la helay dhowrkii sano ee la soo dhaafay, taasoo muujineysa natiijooyin wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan meelaha ay ka mid yihiin ilaalinta neerfayaasha."PQQ waxay xakameysaa jiilka xad-dhaafka ah ee tiro badan oo xag-jir ah, oo ay ku jiraan xagjirka peroxynitrite ee aadka u waxyeelada leh," ayuu yidhi, iyo PQQ waxay muujisay saameyn wanaagsan oo ku saabsan barashada iyo xusuusta labadaba xayawaanka iyo xayawaanka labadaba.Hal tijaabo oo caafimaad ayaa lagu ogaaday in isku darka 20 mg ee PQQ iyo CoQ10 ay keeneen faa'iidooyin la taaban karo oo ku saabsan maadooyinka bini'aadamka ee xusuusta, dareenka iyo garashada (17).
Lifton wuxuu leeyahay sida niacin, PQQ iyo CoQ10 waxay taageeraan shaqada mitochondrial.Waxa uu sheegay in CoQ10 ay sidaas sameyso iyada oo ilaalinaysa "mitochondria gaar ahaan dhaawaca sababtoo ah weerarrada xagjirka ah ee joogtada ah," iyo sidoo kale kordhinta "wax soo saarka tamarta gacanta, taas oo keeni karta tamar badan oo loo heli karo hababka garashada."Tani waa muhiim sababtoo ah "Cilmi-baaris cusub oo xiiso leh ayaa soo jeedinaysa in mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu muhiimsan ee dhibaatooyinka xusuusta fudud ee la xidhiidha gabowga ay tahay dhaawaca mitochondria," ayuu yidhi Lifton.
Magnesium waa macdan muhiim u ah ilaalinta shaqada garashada wanaagsan, ama arrinkaas, shaqada jirka guud ahaan.Sida laga soo xigtay Carolyn Dean, MD, ND, xubin guddiga la-talinta caafimaadka ee Ururka Magnesium Nafaqada, "Magnesium oo keliya ayaa looga baahan yahay 700-800 hababka enzyme kala duwan" iyo "ATP (adenosine triphosphate) wax soo saarka wareegga Krebs waxay ku xiran tahay magnesium lix. siddeeddeeda tallaabo.”
Dhanka hore ee garashada, Dean wuxuu sheegay in magnesium uu xannibo xanuunka neuro-inflammation ee ay keento kaydka calcium iyo biraha kale ee culus ee unugyada maskaxda iyo sidoo kale ilaalinta kanaalka ion iyo xannibista biraha culus inay soo galaan.Waxay sharaxday in marka magnesiumku hooseeyo, kalsiyumku ku yaaco oo uu keeno dhimashada unugyada.Levin wuxuu ku daray, "Cilmi-baaristii ugu dambeysay waxay muujisay inay sidoo kale muhiim u tahay caafimaadka maskaxda caadiga ah iyo shaqada garashada caadiga ah iyadoo la ilaalinayo cufnaanta iyo xasilloonida synapses neuronal."
Buugeeda The Magnesium Miracle, Dean waxay ku sharaxday in cilladaha magnesium-ka oo keliya ay abuuri karaan calaamadaha waallida.Tani waxay si gaar ah run u tahay marka aynu da'da nahay, maadaama awoodda jidhku u leeyahay in uu magnesium ka nuugo cunnadayada ay hoos u dhacdo oo ay sidoo kale caqabad ku noqon karto dawooyinka ku badan dadka waayeelka ah (18).Sidaa darteed, heerarka magnesium ee dhiigga ayaa hoos u dhici kara sababtoo ah jidhku ma laha awood uu ku nuugo macdanta, cunto xumo iyo daawooyinka, abuurista xad-dhaafka ah calcium iyo glutamate (gaar ahaan haddii la cuno cunto ay ku badan tahay MSG), labaduba waxay leeyihiin door ay ku ciyaaraan. hoos u dhaca neerfaha ee joogtada ah iyo horumarinta waallida (19).
Iyadoo nafaqooyinku ay muhiim u yihiin ilaalinta shaqada garashada caafimaadka qabta, cawinta dhirtu waxay sidoo kale ku siin kartaa taageero dheeraad ah oo ah awoodo kala duwan.Hoos u dhaca garashada ee da'da la xiriirta iyo waallida waxaa loo abuuri karaa siyaabo kala duwan, iyadoo hoos u dhaca socodka dhiigga maskaxda uu yahay mid ka mid ah hababka ugu kala duwan.Dhowr geedo yaryar ah ayaa shaqeeya si ay uga hortagaan arrintan.Waa in la ogaadaa in geedo yaryar oo hagaajiya wareegga dhiigga ay halis u yihiin macaamiisha kuwaas oo horeyba u qaadanayay dawooyinka dhiigga khafiifiya sida warfarin.
Doorka ugu muhiimsan ee Gingko biloba waa korodhka qulqulka dhiigga maskaxda, kaas oo door weyn ka ciyaara horumarinta waallida haddii uu bilaabo Alzheimers ama cudurka maskaxda.Waxa kale oo la sheegay in dib loo soo celiyo shaqada mitochondrial ee daciifka ah si loo hagaajiyo tamarta neerfaha, kordhinta qaadashada choline ee hippocampus, joojinta isku-darka iyo sunta borotiinka b-amyloid waxayna leeyihiin saameyn antioxidant (20, 21).
Levy wuxuu soo xigtay daraasad tijaabo ah oo afar toddobaad ah oo ku saabsan Neuroradiology oo "daaha ka qaaday afar ilaa toddoba boqolkiiba kororka socodka dhiigga maskaxda ee qiyaasta dhexdhexaadka ah ee 120 mg maalintii" gingko (22).Daraasad gaar ah oo la kala soocay, placebo-control, laba-indho-indho la'aan oo go'aamisa waxtarka iyo badbaadada gingko biloba ee bukaannada qaba cillad maskaxeed oo khafiif ah iyo calaamadaha neerfaha (NPS) ee Gavrilova et al., Waxay ogaadeen in "inta lagu jiro koorsada 24-usbuuc ee daaweynta, hagaajinta NPS iyo awoodaha garashada waxay ahaayeen kuwo muhiim ah oo si joogto ah ugu caddeeyey bukaanada qaadanaya 240 mg maalintii ee G. biloba soosaarka EGb 761 marka loo eego bukaanada qaata placebo"(23).
Waxtarka gingko biloba ayaa xitaa lagu tijaabiyaa xaalado kale sida feejignaanta deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) ee carruurta.Hal daraasad xaddidan laakiin rajo leh oo uu sameeyay Sandersleben et al.ayaa sheegay in ka dib markii lagu daro gingko, "horumar la taaban karo ayaa laga helay qiimeynta waalidiinta ee feejignaanta caruurtooda… firfircoonitaan, dareen la'aan, iyo wadarta guud ee darnaanta calaamadaha ayaa si aad ah hoos ugu dhacay," iyo, "horumar la taaban karo oo ku saabsan Dhaqanka Prosocial" (24) .Sababtoo ah xaddidaadyada daraasadda, sida la'aanta xakameyn ama muunad ka weyn, ma jirto gabagabo adag oo laga soo saari karo waxtarkeeda, laakiin waxaan rajeyneynaa inay dhiirigelin doonto tijaabooyin faahfaahsan oo aan kala sooc lahayn, oo xakameynaya.
Geedo kale oo si la mid ah u shaqeeya waa Bacopa monniera oo, sida laga soo xigtay Levy, cilmi-baaris xayawaan ah oo dhowaan lagu sameeyay Cilmi-baarista Phytotherapy waxay muujisay "25% korodhka qulqulka dhiigga ee maskaxda ee xayawaanka qaata 60 mg ee bacopa monniera maalin kasta marka la barbar dhigo kuwa la siiyay donepezil (25).
Waxa kale oo la sheegay in ay leedahay sifooyinka antioxidant.Sida laga soo xigtay Shaheen Majeed, agaasimaha suuqgeynta ee Sabinsa Corp., East Windsor, NJ, bacopa "waxay joojisaa peroxidation lipid waxayna ka hortagtaa waxyeellada neerfayaasha kortikal."Lipid peroxidation waxay dhacdaa inta lagu jiro diiqada oksaydhka ee la xiriirta yaraanta DHA, taas oo, mar kale, calaamad u ah Alzheimers.
Mary Rove, ND, bare caafimaad oo jooga Gaia Herb, Brevard, NC, ayaa sidoo kale sheegaysa ku kabitaanka kaabskooda Gingko ee geedo yaryar sida basbaaska iyo rosemary.Sida laga soo xigtay iyada, basbaaska ayaa taageerta feejignaanta iyo "cilmi-baaristu waxay ku caanbaxday rosmaranic acid, qayb firfircoon oo leh sifooyinka antioxidant."Waxaa soo baxday, ayay ku dartay, "waxaa jira xog badan oo casri ah oo lagu hayo hal-ku-dheggaas yar ee 'rosemary ee xusuusta'."
Huperzine A, oo hore loogu sheegay shaqadiisa sida acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, waxay ka timid geedo Shiinaha ah Huperzia serrata.Awoodeeda ka hortagga burburka acetylcholine waxay la mid tahay daawooyinka FDA-ansixisay ee loo ogolaaday in lagu daaweeyo calaamadaha cudurka Alzheimers oo ay ku jiraan donpezil, galantamine iyo rivastigmine, kuwaas oo ah cholinesterase inhibitors (11).
Falanqaynta maadada ah ee uu sameeyay Yang et al.wuxuu ku soo gabagabeeyey, "Huperzine A waxay u muuqataa inay leedahay saameyn faa'iido leh oo ku saabsan hagaajinta shaqada garashada, dhaqdhaqaaqa nolol maalmeedka iyo qiimeynta caafimaad ee caalamiga ah ee ka qaybgalayaasha cudurka Alzheimers."Waxay ka digeen, si kastaba ha ahaatee, in natiijooyinka si taxadar leh loo fasiro iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay tayada hab-dhaqan ee liita ee tijaabooyinka lagu soo daray, waxayna ku baaqeen tijaabooyin dheeraad ah oo adag (11).
Antioxidants.Qaar badan oo ka mid ah supplements-ka laga wada hadlay waxay leeyihiin awoodaha antioxidant, taas oo ka caawisa inay ka dhigaan kuwo wax ku ool ah oo ka dhan ah cilladaha garashada, taas oo cadaadiska oksaydhku inta badan gacan ka geysto.Sida laga soo xigtay Meyers, "Dhammaan cudurrada maskaxda ku jira, caabuqu waa arrin muhiim ah - waxay bedeshaa dabeecadda sida unugyadu ula falgalaan midba midka kale."Taasi waa sababta ay sare u kacday caannimada iyo cilmi baarista curcumin, taas oo ah xarun laga helay turmeric, oo lagu muujiyay in la yareeyo bararka iyo waxyeelada oksijiinta ee maskaxda iyo taageeridda saxda ah ee neerfayaasha, ayuu yidhi Meyers.
Xaaladda xaaladaha sida Alzheimers, curcumin ayaa laga yaabaa inay awood u yeelato inay carqaladeyso dhismaha beta-amyloid.Mid ka mid ah daraasadda Zhang et al., Oo tijaabiyay curcumin dhaqamada unugyada iyo jiirka hoose ee kortikal neurons, waxay ogaatay in geedo yaryar ay hoos u dhigeen heerarka beta-amyloid iyagoo hoos u dhigaya korriinka borotiinka amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP).Waxay hoos u dhigtay korriinka APP iyadoo isku mar kordhinaysa xasilloonida APP aan qaan-gaarin iyo yaraynta xasilloonida APP qaan-gaadhka ah (26).
Cilmi baaris dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo fahmo nooca saameynta curcumin ay ku yeelan karto garashada iyo sida ay u wanaajin karto cilladaha garashada.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Mu'asasada Cilmi-baarista ee McCusker Alzheimers waxay taageertaa cilmi-baarista lagu sameeyo Jaamacadda Edith Cowan ee Perth, Australia, si loo tijaabiyo waxtarka curcumin ee bukaannada qaba cillad garaadka fudud.Daraasadda 12-ka bilood ah ayaa qiimeyn doonta in geedo yaryar ay ilaalin doonaan shaqada garashada bukaanka iyo in kale.
Antioxidant kale oo awood leh oo taageera shaqada garashada waa Pycnogenol (oo ay qaybisay Horphag Research).Marka laga soo tago inay tahay awood la taaban karo oo ka dhan ah waxyeelada oksaydhismka, geedo yaryar, oo ka soo jeeda jilif geedka badda ee Faransiiska, ayaa sidoo kale la muujiyay inay hagaajiyaan wareegga dhiigga, oo ay ku jiraan microcirculation maskaxda iyo sidoo kale kordhinta wax soo saarka nitric oxide, kaas oo u shaqeeya sida neurotransmitter. , laga yaabo inay gacan ka geysato xusuusta iyo kartida waxbarashada (25).Hal daraasad siddeed toddobaad ah, cilmi-baarayaashu waxay siiyeen 53 arday oo da'doodu u dhaxayso 18 ilaa 27 Pycnogenol waxayna qiimeeyeen waxqabadkooda imtixaannada dhabta ah.Natiijooyinku waxay muujiyeen in kooxda tijaabada ahi ay ku guuldareysteen tijaabooyin ka yar kan kantaroolka (toddobo vs. sagaal) oo ay sameeyeen 7.6% ka wanaagsan kantaroolka (27).WF
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Waxaa lagu daabacay Magazine WholeFoods Janaayo 2016
WholeFoods Magazine waa ilahaaga hal-joojinta ah ee maqaallada caafimaadka iyo nafaqeynta ee hadda jira, oo ay ku jiraan qaab nololeedka gluten-la'aanta ah iyo wararka dheeriga ah ee cuntada.
Ujeedada maqaaladayada caafimaadka iyo nafaqeynta waa in la ogeysiiyo tafaariiqlayaasha alaabta dabiiciga ah iyo alaab-qeybiyeyaasha wax ku saabsan badeecada dabiiciga ah ee ugu dambeysay iyo wararka dheeriga ah ee cuntada, si ay uga faa'iidaystaan fursadaha cusub una wanaajiyaan ganacsigooda.Majaladdayadu waxay bixisa macluumaad muhiim ah oo ku saabsan qaybaha cusub ee warshadaha iyo kuwa soo baxaya, oo lagu daray sayniska ka dambeeya kaabisyada cuntada ee muhiimka ah.
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