Impilo yethu ithonywa izinto eziningi.Abathengi bangahle bangahlobanisi ngokushesha impilo yengqondo nempilo yabo yonke, kodwa ingqondo, ngokomzimba kanye nempilo yemizwa ixhumene kakhulu.Lokhu kuboniswa ngendlela ukuntula okuhlukahlukene kokudla okunomsoco kungabangela ukwehla ekusebenzeni kwengqondo (isb, i-B12 ne-magnesium).
Kuyabonakala futhi njengoba sikhula.Lapho sikhula, iba mbalwa imisoco umzimba ongayithola ekudleni, okungase kubangele ukuntula.Kulula ukulahla ukukhohlwa nokungagxili njengezimpawu zeminyaka yobudala, okuyizo, kodwa futhi ziyizimpawu zesimo sonke semizimba yethu ngenxa yokuguga.Ukwengeza, ngokwenza ukusilela kwezakhamzimba, nakho kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwengqondo.Nazi ezinye izakhamzimba ezithile ezihlobene nempilo yomqondo.
Ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobuchopho yakhiwe ngamafutha e-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), enza u-15-30% wesisindo esomile sobuchopho, ne-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eyenza cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu (1).
I-DHA iyi-omega-3 fatty acid edlala indima ebalulekile ebuchosheni, igxile ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho ezidinga izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lomsebenzi kagesi, okuhlanganisa ama-synaptosomes lapho iziphetho zezinzwa zihlangana futhi zixhumana zodwa, i-mitochondria, ekhiqiza amandla amangqamuzana ezinzwa, kanye ne-cerebral cortex, okuwungqimba olungaphandle lobuchopho (2).Kusobala ukuthi i-DHA iyingxenye ebalulekile ekukhuleni kobuchopho bengane nengane futhi ibalulekile empilweni yonke ukugcina impilo efanele yokucabanga.Ukubaluleka kwe-DHA njengoba sikhula kubonakala lapho sibheka labo abathintwa ukwehla okuhlobene neminyaka, njengesifo i-Alzheimer's (uhlobo lokuwohloka komqondo olubangela inkumbulo eqhubekayo, ukwehla kwengqondo nokuziphatha).
Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa kukaThomas et al., "Ezigulini ezitholwe zinesifo i-Alzheimer's, amazinga e-DHA aphansi kakhulu atholwe ku-plasma yegazi nasebuchosheni.Lokhu angeke kube nje kuphela ngenxa yokudla okuphansi kwe-omega-3 fatty acids, kodwa kungase kubangelwe ukwanda kwe-oxidation yama-PUFAs”(3).
Ezigulini ze-Alzheimer's, ukwehla kwengqondo kucatshangwa ukuthi kubangelwa i-protein beta-amyloid, enobuthi kumaseli ezinzwa.Lapho amazinga ale phrotheni eba ngokwedlulele, abhubhisa izingxenye ezinkulu zamangqamuzana obuchopho, ashiye ama-amyloid plaque ahlotshaniswa nesifo (2).
Ucwaningo oluhlukahlukene lubonise ukuthi i-DHA ingaba nomthelela we-neuroprotective ngokunciphisa ubuthi be-beta-amyloid nangokuhlinzeka ngomphumela wokulwa nokuvuvukala onganciphisa ingcindezi ye-amyloid ebangelwa uqweqwe lwe-oxidative kanye nokunciphisa amazinga amaprotheni afakwe i-oxidized ngo-57% (2).Nakuba ukushoda kwe-DHA kwabaphethwe i-Alzheimer kungase kube nomthelela othize ekutheni ukufakwa kwezidakamizwa kungabazuzisa kanjani, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izithasiselo azikwazi ukwelapha lesi sifo nanoma yisiphi isifo kanye nezifundo ezikhuluma ngaleso sihloko zibe nemiphumela exubile.
Izithasiselo aziwona umuthi, futhi iqiniso liwukuthi iziguli ze-Alzheimer esezikhulile ngeminyaka zizozuza kancane ku-DHA noma ezinye izakhi zomsoco ukuze zisekele ingqondo ngoba ngesikhathi zixilongwa, umonakalo womzimba usuwenzekile kakade ebuchosheni.
Noma kunjalo, abanye abacwaningi bayaphenya ukuthi ukwesekwa kwe-DHA kunganciphisa yini ukuqhubeka kokuncipha kwengqondo.U-Itay Shafat Ph.D., usosayensi omkhulu wophiko lokudla okunomsoco e-Enzymotec, Ltd., onehhovisi lase-US eMorristown, NJ, ucaphuna ucwaningo olwenziwa ngu-Youko-Mauro et al.eyathola ukuthi, "Ukwengezwa kwe-900 mg / usuku lwe-DHA yamaviki e-24, ezifundweni ezineminyaka> i-55 ngokuncipha okulinganiselwe kwengqondo, kuthuthukise inkumbulo yabo namakhono okufunda" (4).
Nakuba abanye abathengi bengase bangacabangi ngempilo yengqondo kuze kube yilapho kuvela izinkinga, kuyisihluthulelo kubathengisi ukubakhumbuza ngokubaluleka kwe-DHA ebuchosheni kukho konke ukuphila.Eqinisweni, i-DHA ingakwazi ukusekela impilo yengqondo yentsha yabantu abadala enempilo futhi engenakho ukushoda okusobala kwezakhi.Isivivinyo sakamuva esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe nguStonehouse et al., ocwaninga abantu abadala abanempilo eyi-176 abaneminyaka eyi-18 kuye kwengama-45, bathola, "Ukwengezwa kwe-DHA kuthuthukise kakhulu isikhathi sokuphendula senkumbulo ye-episodic, kanti ukunemba kwenkumbulo ye-episodic kwathuthukiswa kwabesifazane, kanye nesikhathi sokuphendula inkumbulo yokusebenza yathuthukiswa emadodeni” (5).Lokhu kuthuthukiswa esemncane kungahumusheka emzimbeni nasengqondweni olungiselelwe kangcono izinselele zokukhula.
I-Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) iyi-omega-3, ngokuvamile etholakala ezitshalweni ezifana ne-chia ne-flaxseed njengenye indlela kumafutha asolwandle.I-ALA isandulela se-DHA, kodwa ukuguqulwa kwezinyathelo eziningi ukusuka ku-ALA kuya ku-DHA kungasebenzi kahle kubantu abaningi, ngaleyo ndlela kwenza i-DHA yokudla ibaluleke kakhulu ekusekelweni kwengqondo.I-ALA, nokho, ineminye imisebenzi ebalulekile ngokwayo.UHerb Joiner-Bey, umeluleki wesayensi yezokwelapha wakwaBarlean's, Ferndale, WA, uthi i-ALA futhi, “isetshenziswa amangqamuzana obuchopho ukwenza amahomoni endawo, kuhlanganise ‘ne-neuroprotectins,’ ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.”Uthi ama-neuroprotectins nawo atholakala ephansi ezigulini ze-Alzheimer futhi ekuhlolweni kwaselabhorethri, i-ALA ithathwe njengebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchopho.
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthatha izithasiselo ze-DHA umthamo kanye ne-bioavailability.Abantu abaningi abayitholi i-DHA eyanele ekudleni kwabo futhi bangazuza ngokuthatha imithamo egxile kakhulu noma ephakeme.Ukubaluleka komthamo kusanda kuvezwa ocwaningweni lweminyaka emihlanu olwenziwa nguChew et al.engatholanga umehluko obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwengqondo ngesikhathi sokwengezwa kwe-omega-3 kubantu asebekhulile (iminyaka yobudala: i-72) ene-macular degeneration ehlobene neminyaka.Ochwepheshe abaningi bokudla bebekungabaza umklamo wocwaningo.Isibonelo, uJay Levy, umqondisi wezokuthengisa we-Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd., Mission Viejo, CA, uthe, "Ingxenye ye-DHA yayingama-350 mg kuphela ngenkathi ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta kwakamuva kuthole ukuthi imithamo ye-DHA yansuku zonke engaphezu kuka-580 mg yayidingeka nikeza izinzuzo zokusebenza kwengqondo” (6).
U-Douglas Bibus, Ph.D., ilungu lebhodi labaluleki besayensi lase-Coromega, Vista, CA, ucaphune isihloko se-Global Organization for EPA kanye ne-DHA Omega-3s (GOED) enesihloko esithi “Omega-3s and Cognition: Dosage Matters.”Iqembu lithole, ngemva "kokuhlola izifundo ze-20 ezisekelwe engqondweni ezenziwe phakathi neminyaka eyi-10 edlule, izifundo kuphela ezihlinzeka nge-700 mg ye-DHA noma ngaphezulu ngosuku zibike imiphumela emihle" (7).
Amafomu athile okulethwa angenza amafutha asolwandle amunceke kakhulu.Isibonelo, u-Andrew Aussie, iphini likamongameli omkhulu kanye nesikhulu esiphezulu esisebenza e-Coromega, uthi inkampani yakhe igxile kakhulu, “izithako ze-omega-3 ezifakwe emulsified ezinikeza ukumuncwa okungcono okungu-300%.Ngokocwaningo lukaRaatz et al.ukuthi u-Aussie ucaphuna, i-lipid emulsification esiswini kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekugayweni kwamafutha "ngokusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi se-lipid-amanzi esibalulekile ekusebenzisaneni phakathi kwama-lipases ancibilikayo emanzini kanye nama-lipids angenayo" (8).Ngakho, ngokufaka emulsifying uwoyela wezinhlanzi, le nqubo idlula, ithuthukisa ukumuncwa kwawo (8).
Esinye isici esithinta i-bioavailability uhlobo lwamangqamuzana omega-3.UChris Oswald, DC, CNS, ilungu lebhodi lezeluleko eNordic Naturals, Watsonville, CA, ukholelwa ukuthi uhlobo lwe-triglyceride ye-omega-3s lusebenza kangcono ekukhuphuleni amazinga e-serum yegazi kunezinguqulo zokwenziwa.Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-molecule e-ethyl ester-bound yokwenziwa, ifomu lemvelo le-triglyceride alikwazi ukumelana nokugaya kwe-enzymatic, okulenza lifinyelele ku-300% limunceke kakhulu (2).Ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo kwamangqamuzana okunamafutha acid amathathu anamathele kumgogodla we-glycerol, lapho amafutha ezinhlanzi egaywa, okuqukethwe kwawo kwe-lipid kuguqulwa kube ama-asidi anamafutha anomucu owodwa.Ngemva kokumuncwa ngamaseli e-epithelial, aphinde aguqulwe abe yi-triglycerides.Lokhu kwenziwa ukuba kwenzeke ngomgogodla otholakalayo we-glycerol, i-ethyl ester ebingeke ibe nawo (2).
Ezinye izinkampani zikholelwa ukuthi i-omega-3s eboshwe nge-phospholipid izothuthukisa ukumuncwa.UCheryl Meyers, isikhulu sezemfundo nezindaba zesayensi e-EuroPharma, Inc., Greenbay, WI, uthi lesi sakhiwo “asisebenzi nje njengendlela yokuthutha ama-omega-3s, kodwa futhi sinikeza ukusekelwa okuqinile kobuchopho ngokwaso.”U-Myers uchaza isithasiselo esisodwa esivela enkampanini yakhe ehlinzeka nge-omega-3s eboshwe nge-phospholipid ekhishwe emakhanda e-salmon (i-Vectomega).Isengezo siqukethe nama-peptide akholelwa ukuthi “angavikela imithambo yegazi ebuchosheni ngokulwa nokulimala kwe-oxidative.”
Ngezizathu ezifanayo, ezinye izinkampani zikhetha ukwenza ngamafutha e-krill, omunye umthombo we-omega-3s eboshwe nge-phospholipid enikeza i-bioavailability enhle ngenxa yokuncibilika kwamanzi.U-Lena Burri, umqondisi wokubhalwa kwesayensi kwa-Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS, Oslo, Norway, unikeza incazelo eyengeziwe yokuthi kungani leli fomu le-DHA libaluleke kangaka: eyodwa “i-DHA transporter (Mfsd2a, isizinda somndeni esikhulu esinomsizi omkhulu esiqukethe i-2a)…samukela i-DHA kuphela uma iboshelwe kuma-phospholipids-ukuba abe ngqo ku-lysoPC" (9).
Ucwaningo olulodwa lokuqhathanisa olungahleliwe, olungaboni kabili, oluqhathanisa neqembu elihambisanayo lwalinganisa imiphumela yamafutha e-krill, uwoyela we-sardine (ifomu le-triglyceride) kanye ne-placebo ekusebenzeni kwenkumbulo nemisebenzi yokubala kwabesilisa abadala abangama-45 kusukela ku-61-72 amaviki angu-12.Ngokulinganisa izinguquko zokugxila kwe-oxyhemoglobin phakathi nemisebenzi, imiphumela ibonise izinguquko ezinkulu ekugxilweni kwesiteshi esithile ngemva kwamasonto angu-12 kune-placebo, iphakamisa ukuthi ukwengezwa kwesikhathi eside kokubili kwe-krill namafutha e-sardine "kukhuthaza ukusebenza kwenkumbulo yokusebenza ngokuvula i-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex kubantu asebekhulile. abantu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukuwohloka komsebenzi wokuqonda”(10).
Kodwa-ke, mayelana nemisebenzi yokubala, uwoyela we-krill "ubonise izinguquko ezinkulu kakhulu ekugxilweni kwe-oxyhemoglobin endaweni engakwesokunxele yangaphambili," uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo namafutha esardine, angazange abonise noma yimiphi imiphumela yokusebenzisa phakathi nemisebenzi yokubala (10).
Ngaphandle kokusiza ukumuncwa kwe-omega-3s, ama-phospholipids adlala indima ebalulekile empilweni yengqondo ngokwawo.Ngokusho kukaBurri, ama-phospholipids akha cishe amaphesenti angama-60 obuchopho ngesisindo, ikakhulukazi ahlanganiswe nama-dendrites nama-synapses.Ngaphezu kwalokhu, uthi ku-vitro, ukukhula kwezinzwa kudala isidingo esikhulayo sama-phospholipids kanye nesici sokukhula kwezinzwa sivuselela isizukulwane se-phospholipid.Ukwengeza ngama-phospholipids kusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi kuphumelela ekusizeni ukusebenza kwengqondo ngoba ukwakheka kwawo kuyafana nalezo ezisezinzwaneni.
Ama-phospholipids amabili ajwayelekile i-phosphatidylserine (PS) ne-phosphatidylcholine (PC).UShafat uthi i-PS inezicelo zezempilo ezifanele ezigunyazwe yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Izimangalo zifaka: "Ukusetshenziswa kwe-PS kunganciphisa ingozi yokuwohloka komqondo kubantu asebekhulile," "Ukusebenzisa i-PS kunganciphisa ingozi yokungasebenzi kahle kwengqondo kubantu asebekhulile," futhi ofaneleka ngokuthi, "Ucwaningo lwesayensi olulinganiselwe kakhulu nolwendulelayo luphakamisa ukuthi i-PS inganciphisa ubungozi. yokuwohloka komqondo/ukunciphisa ubungozi bokungasebenzi kahle kwengqondo kubantu asebekhulile.I-FDA iphetha ngokuthi buncane ubufakazi besayensi obusekela lesi simangalo.”
U-Shafat uchaza ukuthi ngokwayo, i-PS "isebenza kakade kumthamo we-100 mg / ngosuku," inani elincane kunezinye izithako ezisekela ingqondo.
Ngokuqondene nomsebenzi wayo, u-Chase Hagerman, umqondisi womkhiqizo e-ChemiNutra, i-White Bear Lake, i-MN, uthi i-PS "isiza amaprotheni alawula imisebenzi ye-membrane ehilelekile ekudlulisweni kwemiyalezo yamangqamuzana isuka kungqamuzana iye kuseli, isiza imisoco ingene kumaseli, futhi iyasiza. imikhiqizo eyingozi ehlobene nengcindezi ukuze iphume esitokisini. ”
I-PC, ngakolunye uhlangothi, njengaleyo eyakhiwe ku-alpha-glyceryl phosphoryl choline (A-GPC), u-Hagerman uthi, "ithuthela emaphethelweni e-synaptic nerve atholakala kulo lonke uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, bese ikwandisa ukuhlanganiswa nokukhululwa i-acetylcholine (AC),” okuyi-neurotransmitter ebalulekile “ekhona kukho kokubili ubuchopho nezicubu zemisipha,” edlala indima ebalulekile “kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokuqonda kuyilapho emisipha ibandakanyeka kakhulu ekufinyezeni kwemisipha.”
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto zisebenza kuze kube manje.U-Dallas Clouatre, Ph.D., R&D consultant e-Jarrow Formulas, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, ubachaza “njengomndeni owandisiwe we-substrate eyodwa ethile,” okuhlanganisa i-uridine, i-choline, i-CDP-choline (i-Citocoline) kanye ne-PC njenge ingxenye yomjikelezo wobuchopho ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Kennedy Cycle.Zonke lezi zinto zidlala indima ekudaleni i-PC ebuchosheni futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuhlanganiswe i-AC.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-AC kungenye into enciphayo njengoba sikhula.Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, ngenxa yokuthi ama-neurons awakwazi ukukhiqiza i-choline yawo futhi kufanele ayithole egazini, ukudla okungenayo i-choline kudala ukuhlinzekwa okwanele kwe-AC (2).Ukuntuleka kwe-choline etholakalayo kudlala indima ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezifana ne-Alzheimer's kanye nokwehla kwengqondo okuhlobene neminyaka.Umsebenzi womcwaningi u-Richard Wurtman, MD, wase-Massachusetts Institute of Technology uphakamise ukuthi ngenxa ye-choline enganele, ubuchopho bungase empeleni budle i-PC kusuka kulwelwesi lwemizwa yayo ukuze yenze i-AC (2).
U-Neil E. Levin, CCN, DANLA, umphathi wemfundo enomsoco kwa-NOW Foods, Bloomingdale, IL uchaza ukwakheka “okusekela ukuqapha kwengqondo nokufunda ngokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-AC efanele nomsebenzi,” ngokuhlanganisa i-A-GPC, “uhlobo lwe-choline olutholakala nge-bioavailable ,” nge-Huperzine A ukuze kugcinwe amazinga e-AC (RememBRAIN kusuka ku-NOW Foods).I-Huperzine A igcina i-AC ngokusebenza njenge-inhibitor ekhethiwe ye-acetylcholinesterase, okuyi-enzyme ebangela ukuwohloka kwe-AC (11).
Ngokuka-Levy, i-citicoline ingenye yezithako ezintsha zokusekela ukuqonda, eqondise i-lobe yangaphambili, okuyindawo ebhekele ukuxazulula izinkinga, ukunaka nokugxilisa ingqondo.Uthi ukwengezwa nge-citicoline kubantu abadala asebekhulile kuye kwabonisa "ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo yamazwi, ukusebenza kwenkumbulo nokuqonda, isikhathi sokunaka, ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni kanye nomsebenzi we-bioelectrical."Ucaphuna izifundo ezimbalwa ezibonise imiphumela emihle, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okungaboni kabili, okungahleliwe, okulawulwa yi-placebo kweziguli ze-Alzheimer's ezingama-30 ezibonise ukusebenza kwengqondo okuthuthukisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-placebo ngemva kokuthatha i-citicoline nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi kulabo abanokuwohloka komqondo okuncane (12).
U-Elyse Lovett, umphathi wezokumaketha e-Kyowa USA, Inc., New York, NY, uthi inkampani yakhe “inohlobo kuphela lwe-citicoline olufundwe ngokomtholampilo kubantu abadala abanempilo nentsha,” nokuthi “kuwukuphela kohlobo lwe-citicoline ne-GRAS [ngokuvamile. eyaziwa njengephephile] isimo e-United States” (Cognizin).
Esinye isithasiselo esihlobene, ngokusho kukaDan Lifton, umongameli we-Maypro's Proprietary Branded Ingredients Group, Purchase, NY, i-INM-176 etholakala empandeni i-Angelica gigas Nakai, ephinde yaboniswa ukuthi isekela impilo yengqondo ngokwandisa amazinga obuchopho e-AC.
Ukushoda kwamavithamini kuvame ukuvela ngokuncipha kokusebenza kwengqondo.Ukuntuleka kwe-Vitamin B12, isibonelo, kungabandakanya izimpawu ezifana nokudideka, ukulahlekelwa inkumbulo, izinguquko zobuntu, i-paranoia, ukucindezeleka nokunye ukuziphatha okufana nokuwohloka komqondo.Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-15% yabantu abadala kanye ne-40% yabantu abanezimpawu ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 ubudala banamazinga aphansi noma emingcele ye-B12 (13).
Ngokuka-Mohajeri et al., i-B12 idlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-homocysteine (Hcy) ibe i-amino acid methionine, kodwa amanye amavithamini B e-folate (B9) kanye ne-B6 angama-cofactor adingekayo ukuze i-metabolization yenzeke, ngaphandle kwalokho, i-Hcy inqwabelana.I-Hcy iyi-amino acid ekhiqizwa emzimbeni isuka ku-methionine yokudla futhi ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwamaselula, kodwa ukugxila kwayo okuphezulu kubukela phansi ukusebenza okushiwo (14)."Amazinga aphezulu e-homocysteine egazi abonakaliswe ukuba ayeke inkumbulo nezinye izici eziningana zokusebenza kwengqondo," kusho uMichael Mooney, umqondisi wesayensi nezemfundo e-SuperNutrition, Oakland, CA.
Mohajeri et al.iqinisa lesi sitatimende: “Ukuqina kokukhubazeka kwengqondo kuye kwahlotshaniswa nokugxiliswa okukhulayo kwe-plasma Hcy.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingozi enkulu kakhulu yesifo i-Alzheimer yabikwa lapho amazinga we-folate ne-B12 ephansi” (15).
I-Niacin ingenye ivithamini B esekela inkumbulo nokusebenza kwengqondo.NgokukaMooney, i-niacin, okuwuhlobo olusebenza kakhulu lwevithamini B3, ivamise ukunikezwa odokotela ku-1,000 mg noma ngaphezulu ngosuku ukuze kusekelwe amazinga ajwayelekile e-cholesterol, kodwa ucwaningo olulawulwa yi-placebo lwathola ukuthi umthamo wokudla okunomsoco ongu-425 mg ngosuku uthuthukisa inkumbulo. amaphuzu wokuhlola afinyelela ku-40% kanye nokuthuthukisa ukubhaliswa kwezinzwa ngo-40%.Emandleni aphezulu, i-niacin iphinde iboniswe ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi lobuchopho, "okwandisa ukujikeleza kwezakhi kanye nomoya-mpilo ebuchosheni," uyanezela (16).
Ngaphezu kwe-niacin, uMooney uchaza i-niacinamide, okungolunye uhlobo lukavithamini B3.Ngo-3,000 mg/ngosuku, i-niacinamide icwaningwa yi-UC Irvine njengendlela yokwelapha engase ibe khona ye-Alzheimer's kanye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okuhambisana nayo ngemva kwemiphumela emihle ocwaningweni lwegundane.Womabili la mafomu, uyachaza, aguqula emzimbeni abe yi-NAD+, i-molecule ekhonjiswe ukuthi ihlehlisa ukuguga ku-mitochondria, umkhiqizi wamandla weselula obaluleke kakhulu.“Lokhu kungenzeka kube nomthelela omkhulu ekukhuliseni inkumbulo kavithamini B3 neminye imiphumela elwa nokuguga,” usho kanje.
Esinye isithasiselo sokuncoma amakhasimende yi-PQQ.UClouatre uthi abanye bakubheka njengowukuphela kwevithamini entsha etholwe emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, okubonisa imiphumela emihle ezindaweni ezifana ne-neuroprotection."I-PQQ icindezela isizukulwane ngokweqile sama-radicals amaningi, okuhlanganisa ne-peroxynitrite radical eyingozi kakhulu," esho, futhi ku-PQQ ibonise imiphumela emihle ekufundeni nasekukhumbuleni kokubili izifundo zezilwane nezomuntu.Isilingo esisodwa somtholampilo sathola ukuthi inhlanganisela ye-20 mg ye-PQQ ne-CoQ10 iveze izinzuzo ezinkulu ezifundweni zabantu ngenkumbulo, ukunaka kanye nokuqonda (17).
U-Lifton uthi njenge-niacin, i-PQQ ne-CoQ10 isekela umsebenzi we-mitochondrial.Uthi i-CoQ10 ikwenza lokho ngokuvikela "i-mitochondria ikakhulukazi emonakalweni ngenxa yokuhlaselwa okuqhubekayo kwamahhala," kanye nokwandisa "ukukhiqizwa kwamandla amaselula, okungase kubangele ukuthi amandla amaningi atholakale ezinqubweni zokuqonda."Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba “ucwaningo olusha olujabulisayo lusikisela ukuthi enye yezimbangela eziyinhloko zezinkinga zenkumbulo encane ezihambisana nokuguga ukulimala kwe-mitochondria yethu,” kusho uLifton.
I-Magnesium iyiminerali ebalulekile yokugcina ukusebenza kahle kwengqondo, noma ngaleyo ndaba, ukusebenza komzimba wonke.NgokukaCarolyn Dean, MD, ND, ilungu lebhodi labaluleki bezokwelapha leNutritional Magnesium Association, "I-Magnesium iyodwa iyadingeka ezinhlelweni zama-enzyme ahlukene angama-700-800" kanye "nokukhiqizwa kwe-ATP (adenosine triphosphate) emjikelezweni we-Krebs kuncike ku-magnesium izikhathi eziyisithupha. izinyathelo zalo eziyisishiyagalombili.”
Ngaphambili, uDean uthi i-magnesium ivimba ukuvuvukala kwe-neuro okubangelwa ukufakwa kwe-calcium nezinye izinsimbi ezisindayo kumangqamuzana obuchopho kanye nokuqapha iziteshi ze-ion nokuvimba izinsimbi ezisindayo ukuthi zingangeni.Uchaza ukuthi uma i-magnesium iphansi, i-calcium igijima ibangele ukufa kwamangqamuzana.U-Levin uyanezela, "Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonise ukuthi lubalulekile empilweni evamile yobuchopho nokusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho ngokugcina ukuminyana nokuzinza kwama-neuronal synapses."
Encwadini yakhe ethi The Magnesium Miracle, uDean uchaza ukuthi ukuntula i-magnesium kukodwa kungadala izimpawu zokuwohloka komqondo.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi njengoba sikhula, njengoba amandla omzimba okumunca i-magnesium ekudleni kwethu ehla futhi angavinjelwa nemithi evamile kubantu asebekhulile (18).Ngakho-ke, amazinga e-magnesium egazini angancipha ngenxa yokuthi umzimba awunawo amandla okumunca amaminerali, ukudla okungenamsoco kanye nemithi, okwenza i-calcium ne-glutamate ngokweqile (ikakhulukazi uma udla ukudla okuphezulu ku-MSG), kokubili okunendima okufanele uyidlale. ekuwohlokeni kwe-neural okungapheli kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuwohloka komqondo (19).
Nakuba imisoco ibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwengqondo okunempilo, izinsiza ze-herbal zinganikeza nokwesekwa okwengeziwe ngamakhono ahlukahlukene.Ukwehla kwengqondo okuhlobene nobudala kanye nokuwohloka komqondo kungadalwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ngokuncishiswa kokugeleza kwegazi lobuchopho okungenye yezindlela ezihluke kakhulu.Amakhambi amaningana ayasebenza ukubhekana nalesi sici.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amakhambi athuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi angaba yingozi kumakhasimende asevele ethatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-warfarin.
Iqhaza elikhulu le-Gingko biloba ukwandisa ukugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni, okudlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kokuwohloka komqondo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuqalwa yi-Alzheimer's noma isifo sobuchopho.Kuthiwa futhi ukubuyisela umsebenzi we-mitochondrial okhubazekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla e-neuronal, ukwandisa ukutholakala kwe-choline ku-hippocampus, ukuvimbela ukuhlanganisa kanye nobuthi beprotheni ye-b-amyloid futhi kube nemiphumela ye-antioxidant (20, 21).
U-Levy ucaphuna ucwaningo lwamasonto amane lokulinga ku-Neuroradiology “olwembule ukwanda kwamaphesenti amane kuya kwayisikhombisa ekugelezeni kwegazi lobuchopho ngedosi emaphakathi ye-120 mg ngosuku” ye-gingko (22).Ucwaningo oluhlukile olungahleliwe, olulawulwa yi-placebo, oluyimpumputhe kabili oluthola ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kwe-gingko biloba ezigulini ezinokukhubazeka okuncane kokuqonda kanye nezimpawu ze-neuropsychiatric (NPS) ngu-Gavrilova et al., wathola ukuthi "phakathi nenkambo yokwelashwa yamasonto angu-24, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-NPS namakhono okuqonda kwakubalulekile futhi kuhlale kugqame kakhulu ezigulini ezithatha u-240 mg ngosuku we-G. biloba ekhipha i-EGb 761 kuneziguli ezithatha i-placebo” (23).
Ukusebenza kwe-gingko biloba kuhlolwa ngisho nakwezinye izimo ezifana ne-attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) ezinganeni.Ucwaningo olulodwa olulinganiselwe kodwa oluthembisayo lukaSandersleben et al.ibike ukuthi ngemva kokwengezwa nge-gingko, "intuthuko enkulu itholakale ekuhloleni kwabazali ukulalela kwezingane zabo ... ukungasebenzi kahle, ukuthatheka, kanye nenani eliphelele lobunzima bezimpawu lehle kakhulu," futhi, "intuthuko enkulu mayelana nokuziphatha kwe-Prosocial" (24) .Ngenxa yemikhawulo yocwaningo, njengokungabi naso isilawuli noma isampula enkulu, asikho isiphetho esiqinile esingathathwa ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa ngethemba ukuthi izokhuthaza ukuhlola okunemininingwane eminingi okungahleliwe, kokulawula.
Esinye isithombo esisebenza ngendlela efanayo i-Bacopa monniera, ngokusho kuka-Levy, ucwaningo lwakamuva lwezilwane ku-Phytotherapy Research lubonise "ukwanda okungama-25% kokugeleza kwegazi ukuya ebuchosheni phakathi kwezilwane ezithatha u-60 mg we-bacopa monniera nsuku zonke uma kuqhathaniswa nokunganyuki kwalezo ezinikezwa i-donepezil. ” (25).
Kuthiwa futhi inezindawo zokulwa ne-antioxidant.Ngokuka-Shaheen Majeed, umqondisi wezokumaketha we-Sabinsa Corp., i-East Windsor, NJ, i-bacopa “ivimbela i-lipid peroxidation futhi ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukulimala kwama-neurons e-cortical."I-Lipid peroxidation yenzeka ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative okuhambisana nokushoda kwe-DHA, okuphinde kube uphawu lwe-Alzheimer's.
UMary Rove, ND, uthisha wezokwelapha eGaia Herb, Brevard, NC, ubuye akhulume ngokufaka izithako zabo ze-Gingko ngamakhambi afana ne-peppermint ne-rosemary.Ngokusho kwakhe, i-peppermint isekela ukuqapha futhi "ucwaningo luye lwafakazela i-rosmaranic acid, isakhi esisebenzayo esinezici zokulwa ne-antioxidant."Uyanezela, kuvela ukuthi, “kunokwaziswa okuningi kwesimanje okubamba leso siqubulo esithi 'i-rosemary yesikhumbuzo.'
I-Huperzine A, okukhulunywe ngayo ngaphambili ngomsebenzi wayo njenge-acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, itholakala esitshalweni saseShayina i-Huperzia serrata.Amandla ayo okuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-acetylcholine afana nalawo ezidakamizwa ezigunyazwe yi-FDA ezigunyazwe ukwelapha izimpawu zesifo i-Alzheimer's okuhlanganisa i-donepezil, i-galantamine ne-rivastigmine, okuyi-cholinesterase inhibitors (11).
Ukuhlaziywa kwemeta okwenziwe nguYang et al.waphetha, “I-Huperzine A ibonakala inemiphumela enenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwengqondo, umsebenzi wansuku zonke kanye nokuhlolwa komtholampilo komhlaba wonke kubahlanganyeli abanesifo i-Alzheimer's.”Baxwayise, nokho, ukuthi okutholiwe kufanele kuhunyushwe ngokucophelela ngenxa yekhwalithi yendlela yokusebenza engeyinhle yezivivinyo ezifakiwe, futhi babiza izivivinyo eziqinile ezengeziwe (11).
Ama-Antioxidants.Izithako eziningi okuxoxwe ngazo zinamandla okulwa ne-antioxidant, asiza ukuwenza asebenze ngokumelene nokukhubazeka kwengqondo, okuvame ukufaka isandla kukho izingcindezi ze-oxidative.NgokukaMeyers, “Cishe kuzo zonke izifo ezisebuchosheni, ukuvuvukala kuyisici esibalulekile—kushintsha indlela amangqamuzana asebenzelana ngayo.”Kungakho kube nokwanda okunjalo ekudumeni nasekucwaningeni nge-curcumin, okuyinhlanganisela etholakala ku-turmeric, ekhonjiswe ukunciphisa umonakalo ovuvukalayo kanye ne-oxidative ebuchosheni futhi isekele ukudubula okufanele kwama-neurons, kusho uMeyers.
Esimeni sezimo ezifana ne-Alzheimer's, i-curcumin ingase ibe namandla okuphazamisa ukwakheka kwe-beta-amyloid.Olunye ucwaningo olwenziwa u-Zhang et al., olwahlola i-curcumin kumasiko eseli kanye nama-mouse primary cortical neurons, lwathola ukuthi isitshalo sehlise amazinga e-beta-amyloid ngokunciphisa ukuvuthwa kwe-amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP).Kwehlise ukuvuthwa kwe-APP ngokukhulisa kanyekanye ukuzinza kwe-APP engavuthiwe kanye nokunciphisa ukuzinza kwe-APP ekhulile (26).
Ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuze uqonde ngokugcwele uhlobo lwemiphumela i-curcumin engaba nayo ekuqondeni nokuthi ingakuthuthukisa kanjani ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.Njengamanje, iMcCusker Alzheimer's Research Foundation isekela ucwaningo olwenziwa eNyuvesi yase-Edith Cowan e-Perth, e-Australia, ukuhlola ukusebenza kwe-curcumin ezigulini ezinokukhubazeka okuncane kwengqondo.Ucwaningo lwezinyanga eziyi-12 luzohlola ukuthi ingabe ikhambi lizowugcina yini umsebenzi wokuqonda weziguli.
Enye i-antioxidant enamandla esekela ukusebenza kwengqondo yi-Pycnogenol (esakazwa yi-Horphag Research).Ngaphandle kokuba namandla amakhulu ngokumelene nomonakalo we-oxidative, isitshalo, esithathwe egxolweni likaphayini wase-French maritime, siye saboniswa ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, okuhlanganisa microcirculation ebuchosheni kanye nokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-nitric oxide, esebenza njenge-neurotransmitter. , okungenzeka kube nomthelela enkumbulo nasemakhonweni okufunda (25).Ocwaningweni olulodwa lwamasonto ayisishiyagalombili, abacwaningi banikeze abafundi abangama-53 abaneminyaka yobudala esukela kweyi-18 kuye kwengama-27 iPycnogenol futhi bahlola ukusebenza kwabo ezivivinyweni zangempela.Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi iqembu lokuhlola lehlulekile ukuhlola okumbalwa kunokulawula (isikhombisa vs. nesishiyagalolunye) futhi lenze kangcono ngo-7.6% kunokulawula (27).WF
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Ishicilelwe ku-WholeFoods Magazine January 2016
I-WholeFoods Magazine iyinsiza yakho yokuma kanye yama-athikili amanje ezempilo nokondleka, okuhlanganisa indlela yokuphila engenagluten kanye nezindaba zesengezo sokudla.
Injongo yezindatshana zethu zezempilo nezokudla ukwazisa abathengisi bemikhiqizo yemvelo nabahlinzeki mayelana nezindaba zakamuva zomkhiqizo wemvelo kanye nesengezo sokudla, ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amathuba amasha futhi bathuthukise amabhizinisi abo.Umagazini wethu unikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezigaba zemikhiqizo emisha nesafufusa yemboni, kanye nesayensi esekelwe ezithasiselweni zokudla ezibalulekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-20-2019